Good lubrication can effectively prevent abnormal wear of the friction pair of equipment, prevent oil leakage, prevent impurities and foreign matter from entering between the friction pair surface, so as to prevent the decrease of reliability of mechanical equipment and the occurrence of lubrication failure, improve equipment productivity, reduce equipment operation and maintenance costs.

6 ways to lubricate

1. Manual lubrication

Hand lubrication is one of the most common and simple methods. Generally, the equipment oil gun to the oil hole, oil nozzle. After the oil is injected into the oil hole, it is only suitable for the parts and parts with low speed, light load and intermittent work, such as open and infrequently used rough machinery, because the lubricating oil quantity along the friction pair surface is not uniform, discontinuous, no pressure and depends on the operator's consciousness and reliability.

2, drop oil lubrication

Drip oil lubrication is mainly drip oil cup lubrication, it depends on the weight of oil to the lubricating oil drops, simple structure, easy to use. Its disadvantage is that the amount of oil is not easy to control, mechanical vibration, low temperature will change the amount of oil droplets.

3. Splash lubrication

Splash lubrication is to supply oil to friction pairs by using high speed rotating parts or additional oil slings and oil slates dispersed into droplets. It is mainly used for closed gear pairs and crankshaft bearings. The tank can also be partially diverted to the bearing for internal lubrication.

The circular speed of splash lubrication parts or accessories should not exceed 12.5m/s, otherwise it will produce a lot of foam and metamorphism. Equipment ventilation holes should be installed to enhance the convection of air inside and outside the box for oil level indication.

4, oil rope, oil pad lubrication

This method of lubrication is to soak oil rope, pad or foam plastics in oil, and use the siphon action of capillary for oil supply. Oil rope, oil pad itself can play a filtering role, so it can keep the oil clean, and oil supply continuous and uniform.

The disadvantage is that the oil quantity is not easy to adjust, in addition, when the moisture content of the oil exceeds 0.5%, the oil line will stop the oil supply. In addition, the oil rope should not be in contact with the moving surface to avoid being involved in the friction between the surfaces. In order to evenly feed the oil, the oil level in the oil cup should be kept at 3/4 of the full height of the oil rope, and the lowest should be above 1/3. Used for low and medium speed machines.

5, oil ring, oil chain lubrication

This lubrication method is only used for horizontal shafts, such as electric fans, motors, machine tools, and other spindle lubrication. This method is very simple and relies on a ring or chain attached to the shaft to carry the oil from the oil pool to the shaft position. This method is very reliable if the oil level can be maintained in the oil pool.

The oil ring had better be made as a whole, in order to facilitate the assembly can also be made into patchwork, but in order not to hinder the rotation. The diameter of the oil ring is generally 1.5 ~ 2 times larger than that of the shaft. The rectangular oil supply is usually adopted, and several ring grooves can be turned on the inner surface. When less oil is needed, it is better to use lubrication for horizontal shaft with rotation speed of 50-3000r /min. If the rotation speed is too high, the amount of oil in the ring will be insufficient when the rotation speed is too low, or even the ring will not rotate along the shaft.

The contact area between the oil chain and the shaft and oil is large, so it can rotate with the shaft and take up more oil at low speed. Therefore, oil chain lubrication is most suitable for low speed machinery. At high speed, the oil is stirred violently and the chain is easily disjointed, so it is not suitable for high speed machinery.

6. Forced lubrication

Forced oil feeding lubrication is the pump will be sent to the lubrication part, due to the pressure of the oil to reach the lubrication part can overcome the centrifugal force generated on the surface of the rotating parts, so the oil is rich, good lubrication effect, and the cooling effect is better.

Compared with other methods, the forced lubrication method is easier to control and the size of oil supply is more reliable. Therefore, it is widely used in large, heavy load, high speed, precision, automation of a variety of mechanical equipment. Forced lubrication can be divided into three types: total loss lubrication, circulation lubrication and centralized lubrication.

(1) Total lossy lubrication.

This lubrication refers to a type of lubrication in which the lubricating oil passing through the friction pair is no longer recycled. It is used for lubrication of various equipment requiring less oil, and is often driven by a moving mechanical or electric motor plunger pump from the oil pool to the lubrication point, oil supply is intermittent, flow is adjusted by the plunger stroke, sending a drop of oil in a few minutes slow, a few drops per second fast. It can be lubricated individually or in combination with several pumps for centralized lubrication.

(2) Circulation lubrication.

This lubrication is the hydraulic pump from the fuselage oil pool oil pressure to lubrication parts, after lubrication parts of the oil back to the fuselage oil pool and circulation.

(3) Centralized lubrication.

Centralized lubrication is the supply of oil from a central tank to several lubrication sites. It is mainly used for a large number of lubricating points of mechanical equipment or even the entire workshop or factory. This way not only can be manually operated, but also can automatically distribute the right amount of lubricating oil.

The advantage of centralized lubrication is: can connect many parts, can adapt to the change of the lubrication part, can accurately assign lubricant, easy to realize automatic production of all kinds of machinery, machine can realize prelubricated before starting, can control the lubricant flow state or the entire process of lubrication, simplify the maintenance, when the lubricant in mechanical deficiency or centralized lubrication system failure occurs, can make the mechanical parking.

Source: Network